Pharmacological action
Penicillin is a bactericidal antibiotic with strong antibacterial activity, and its antibacterial mechanism is mainly to inhibit the synthesis of bacterial cell wall mucopeptides. Sensitive bacteria in the growth stage divide vigorously, and the cell wall is in the biosynthesis stage. Under the action of penicillin, the synthesis of mucopeptides is blocked and the cell wall cannot be formed, and the cell membrane ruptures and dies under the action of osmotic pressure.
Penicillin is a narrow-spectrum antibiotic, mainly against a variety of Gram-positive bacteria and a small number of Gram-negative cocci. The main sensitive bacteria are Staphylococcus, Streptococcus, Erysipelas suis, Corynebacterium, Clostridium tetani, Actinomycetes, Bacillus anthracis, Spirochetes, etc. Insensitive to mycobacteria, mycoplasma, chlamydia, rickettsia, nocardia, fungi and viruses.
Drug Interactions
(1) The combination of penicillin and aminoglycosides can increase the concentration of the latter in the bacteria, so it presents a synergistic effect.
(2) Fast-acting bacteriostatic agents such as macrolides, tetracyclines and amide alcohols interfere with the bactericidal activity of penicillin and should not be used together.
(3) Heavy metal ions (especially copper, zinc), alcohols, acids, iodine, oxidizing agents, reducing agents, hydroxyl compounds, acidic glucose injection or tetracycline hydrochloride injection can destroy the activity of penicillin and are compatible Taboo
(4) It should not be mixed with some drug solutions (such as lincomycin hydrochloride, norepinephrine tartrate, oxytetracycline hydrochloride, tetracycline hydrochloride, B vitamins and vitamin C), otherwise turbidity, flocculent solids or precipitates
Indications
Mainly used for chronic infections caused by penicillin-sensitive bacteria, such as bovine pyometra, mastitis, complex fractures, etc., and also for infections such as actinomycetes and leptospirosis
Usage and Dosage
Add sterile water for injection to make a mixed solution before use. Intramuscular injection: One dose, per 1kg body weight, 10,000 to 20,000 units for horses and cattle; 20,000 to 30,000 units for sheep, pigs, and felines; 30,000 to 40,000 units for dogs and cats. 1 time a day for 2-3 days.
Adverse reactions
(1) Mainly allergic reactions, which can occur in most livestock, but the incidence is low. The local reaction is manifested as water and pain at the injection site, and the systemic reaction is measles and rash, which can cause shock or death in severe cases.
(2) In some animals, superinfection of the gastrointestinal tract can be induced.
Precautions
(1) This product is used to treat chronic infections caused by highly sensitive bacteria.
(2) Slightly soluble in water. In case of acid, alkali or oxidizing agent, it will fail rapidly. Therefore, the injection should be prepared just before use.
(3) Pay attention to the interaction and incompatibility with other drugs, so as not to affect the efficacy of the drug.
Withdrawal period
28 days (fixed) for cattle, sheep, and pigs; 72 hours for abandoning milk
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